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If a conflict between multiple changes occurs in PowerPoint or Word, sharers can approve or reject changes before uploading them to the server.
In both OneNote and the OneNote Web App, users can view the names of co-authors alongside their respective edits to the content in a shared notebook, or create separate versions of pages for individual use. Edits made since a notebook was last opened are automatically highlighted, with initials of the co-author who made the edit displayed.
In OneNote, co-authors can also search for all edits made by a specific co-author. Office introduces a new Click-to-Run installation process based on Microsoft App-V Version 4 streaming and virtualization technology as an alternative to the traditional Windows Installer -based installation process for the Home and Student and Home and Business editions, and as a mandatory installation process for the Starter edition.
Click-to-Run products install in a virtualized environment a Q: partition that downloads product features in the background after the programs have been installed so that users can immediately begin using the programs. The download process is optimized for broadband connections. During the Office retail lifecycle Microsoft, in collaboration with original equipment manufacturers OEMs and retail partners, introduced a Product Key Card licensing program that allowed users to purchase a single license to activate Home and Student, Home and Business, and Professional editions preinstalled on personal computers at a reduced cost when compared with traditional retail media.
Volume license versions of Office require product activation. In Office product activation was only required for OEM or retail versions of the product. Office File Validation, previously included only in Publisher for PUB files has been incorporated into Excel, PowerPoint, and Word in Office to validate the integrity of proprietary binary file formats e. When users open a document, the structure of its file format is scanned to ensure that it conforms with specifications defined by XML schema ; if a file fails the validation process it will, by default, be opened in Protected View, a new read-only, isolated sandbox environment to protect users from potentially malicious content.
To improve Office File Validation, Office collects various information about files that have failed validation and also creates copies of these files for optional submission to Microsoft through Windows Error Reporting. Administrators can disable data submission. When users attempt to open a document that fails validation, they must first agree to a warning prompt before it can be opened.
Protected View, an isolated sandbox environment for Excel, PowerPoint, and Word, replaces the Isolated Conversion Environment update available for previous versions of Microsoft Office. When a document is opened from a potentially unsafe location such as the Internet or as an e-mail attachment, or if a document does not comply with File Block policy or if it fails Office File Validation, it is opened in Protected View, which prohibits potentially unsafe documents from modifying components, files, and other resources on a system; users can also manually open documents in Protected View.
As a precautionary measure, active content within a potentially unsafe document remains disabled when a user reopens it after exiting Protected View until a user clicks the “Enable Content” button on the message bar, which designates the document as a trusted document so that users are not prompted when it is opened in the future. The main process of each app is assigned the current user’s access token and hosts the Office user interface elements such as the ribbon, whereas the Protected View process consists of the document viewing area, parses and renders the document content, and operates with reduced privileges; the main process serves as a mediator for requests initiated by the separate process.
Office allows users to designate individual documents as trusted, which allows all active content to operate each time a specific document is opened; trusted documents do not open in Protected View. Documents residing in either local or remote directories can be trusted, but users are warned if an attempt is made to trust a document from a remote resource.
Trusted document preferences, referred to as trust records , are stored within the Windows Registry on a per-user basis; trust records contain the full path to trusted documents and other specific file information to protect users from social engineering attacks. Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Word include a variety of artistic effects such as glass, paint stroke, pastel, and pencil sketch effects that users can apply to inserted images. A new background removal feature based on Microsoft Research technology is included in Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Word to remove the backgrounds of images inserted into documents.
It is exposed as a Remove Background command that appears on the Picture Tool s contextual tab on the ribbon when an image is selected, which displays a separate Background Removal contextual tab and places a selection rectangle and magenta color over portions of the selected image; the selection rectangle algorithmically determines which area of the selected image will be retained once the background removal process is complete, whereas the magenta color indicates the areas that will be removed.
Users can manually adjust the position and size of the selection rectangle and also mark specific areas of an image to keep or remove; [] it is also possible to delete a mark after an inadvertent selection or if it produces an undesired result.
After the background has been removed, users can apply various visual effects to the result image or wrap text in a document around it ; users can also crop the image since removing the background does not reduce its original size. The crop selection rectangle now grays out the portion of a photo to be removed when cropping and displays the result area in color—instead of omitting the removed portion from view, as previous versions of Office did.
Photos can now be repositioned underneath the selection rectangle. The Picture Shape command in previous versions of Office has been replaced with a new Crop to Shape command that allows users to resize and move the selected shape itself when cropping. Office , like previous versions, automatically resizes photos that are inserted into shapes by default, which can negatively affect their aspect ratio. To address this, photos in shapes can now be cropped or resized after being inserted, and individual Fit and Fill options have been incorporated.
The former option resizes the selected photo so that the entire area of the crop selection rectangle or shape is filled, whereas the latter option resizes the photo so that it is displayed within the selection rectangle or within a shape in its entirety; both options maintain the original aspect ratio of the selected photo. Photos inserted into SmartArt diagrams can also be cropped, resized, or repositioned. Excel, PowerPoint, and Word support text effects such as bevels, gradient fills, glows, reflections, and shadows.
Publisher and Word support OpenType features such as kerning , ligatures , stylistic sets , and text figures with fonts such as Calibri , Cambria , Corbel , and Gabriola. Excel, PowerPoint, and Word support hardware accelerated graphics when installed on a machine with a DirectX 9. Excel supports hardware accelerated chart drawing, and PowerPoint supports hardware accelerated animations, transitions, and video playback and effects; slideshow elements are now rendered as sprites, which are then composited with additional effects such as fades and wipes implemented using Pixel Shader 2.
Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Word allow users to immediately insert a screenshot of open app windows or a selection of content on the screen into documents without saving the image as a file. The functionality is exposed through a new Screenshot command on the Insert tab of the ribbon that, when clicked, presents individual options to capture either app windows or selections of content.
The former option presents open windows as thumbnails in a gallery on the ribbon that insert a screenshot of the selected window into the active app, while the latter option minimizes the currently active app, dims the screen, and presents a selection rectangle for users to create a screenshot by holding the main mouse button, dragging the selection rectangle to a desired area of the screen, and then releasing the button to automatically insert the selection as an image into the document.
Only windows that have not been minimized to the taskbar can be captured. After a screenshot has been inserted, various adjustments can be made. SmartArt, a set of diagrams introduced in Office for Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Word has been updated with new effects, options, and interface improvements.
The SmartArt text pane now allows users to insert, modify, and reorder images and their associated text within a diagram, and new Move Up and Move Down commands on the ribbon facilitate the reordering of content. Images are automatically cropped when inserted into shapes within SmartArt diagrams to preserve their aspect ratio; users can also manually reposition images.
During the crop process, the layout of shapes in SmartArt diagrams is locked to prevent users from inadvertently modifying its position while making adjustments to an image. Of these, a new Picture category dedicated to the presentation of images includes over 30 diagrams, and the Organization Chart category includes 3 new diagrams. A new Convert command on the SmartArt contextual tab of the ribbon includes additional features for Excel and PowerPoint.
The Convert to Shapes feature, introduced in Office SP2 as a context menu option that turned SmartArt into a group of customizable shapes is now on the ribbon in both programs. Additionally, in PowerPoint, it is possible to convert SmartArt diagrams into bulleted lists through a new Convert to Text option. Office introduces Accessibility Checker in Excel, PowerPoint, and Word that examines documents for issues affecting visually impaired readers.
It is accessible through the “Check for Issues” button on the Prepare for Sharing group on the Info tab of Backstage, which opens a task pane with a list of accessibility issues discovered in the document and provides suggestions to resolve them.
Backstage itself also reports accessibility issues in the Prepare for Sharing group so that they can be resolved before the document is shared with other users. Translations for phrases or words are displayed within a tooltip, from which users can hear an audio pronunciation of the selected text provided by one of the Microsoft text-to-speech voices installed on a machine, copy the translation to the clipboard so that it can be inserted into another document, or view a definition provided by an online service if the selected text is a word.
Users can download various text-to-speech engines from Microsoft. Office Starter is an ad-supported , reduced-functionality edition consisting of Excel and Word, discontinued in June before the release of Office and Windows 8. Office Online is a collection of free Web-based versions of Excel, OneNote, PowerPoint, and Word that offers fewer features than its client counterparts.
Office Mobile was released before general availability of Office as a free upgrade for users of Windows Mobile 6. Office received mostly positive reviews upon its release, with particular praise devoted to the modified ribbon and the new Backstage view. However, PC Magazine expressed dissatisfaction with the “intrusive” default auto formatting options in Word; the lack of an upgrade edition or pricing for users of a previous version of Office; and the stability of Office programs.
Not all assessments and reviews were positive. InfoWorld considered the modified Ribbon in Office to be a “disorganized mess”, and the user-interface conventions to be confusing because of the lack of consistency across routine functions. The Backstage view was also criticized for “containing a schizophrenic array of buttons, button menus, and hyperlink-like text labels” and for being presented as a full-screen interface instead of as a drop-down menu similar to Paint and WordPad in Windows 7.
Sluggish performance was also a subject of criticism, although the review was written before development of the product had been formally completed. Reactions to the various product versions, including the bit version of Office , were mixed. Ars Technica believed that Microsoft’s transition to a bit version of Office would facilitate the industry’s adoption of bit software.
The Starter edition of Office received mostly positive reviews; [] [] [] a feature omitted from other editions of Office that received praise was To-Go Device Manager, which allowed users to copy Office Starter installation files to a USB flash drive and use its programs on another PC, even one where a version of Office was not installed.
Microsoft reportedly discontinued sales of Office on January 31, , just two days after its successor, Office , reached general availability. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. List of languages. It is available in Volume License editions. Main article: Office Online. Main article: Microsoft Office mobile apps. DirectX 9. Internet access is required for product activation and online functionality.
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Criticism of Microsoft has followed various aspects of its products and business practices. Issues with ease of use , robustness , and security of the company’s software are common targets for critics.
In the s, a number of malware mishaps targeted security flaws in Windows and other products. Microsoft was also accused of locking vendors and consumers in to their products, and of not following or complying with existing standards in its software. The company has been the subject of numerous lawsuits , brought by several governments and by other companies, for unlawful monopolistic practices. Commission case, and it received an million euro fine.
On September 14, , Microsoft’s flagship store was shut down by protestors as part of a direct action organized by Close the Camps NYC.
From its inception, Microsoft defined itself as a platform company and understood the importance of attracting third-party programmers. It did so by providing development tools, training, access to proprietary APIs in early versions, and partner programs.
Although the resulting ubiquity of Microsoft software allows a user to benefit from network effects , critics and even Microsoft itself decry what they consider to be an ” embrace, extend and extinguish ” strategy of adding proprietary features to open standards or their software implementations, thereby using its market dominance to gain unofficial ownership of standards “extended” in this way.
Microsoft software is also presented as a “safe” choice for IT managers purchasing software systems. The Windows API is so broad, so deep, and so functional that most independent software vendors would be crazy not to use it. And it is so deeply embedded in the source code of many Windows apps that there is a huge switching cost to using a different operating system instead It is this switching cost that has given the customers the patience to stick with Windows through all our mistakes, our buggy drivers, our high TCO total cost of ownership , our lack of a sexy vision at times, and many other difficulties [ In short, without this exclusive franchise called the Windows API, we would have been dead a long time ago.
Concerns were raised that this requirement would hinder the use of alternate operating systems such as Linux. In a post discussing secure boot on the Building Windows 8 blog, Microsoft developer Tony Mangefeste indicated that vendors would provide means to customize secure boot, stating that “At the end of the day, the customer is in control of their PC.
Microsoft’s philosophy is to provide customers with the best experience first, and allow them to make decisions themselves. Gates’ letter provoked many responses, with some hobbyists objecting to the broad accusation, and others supporting the principle of compensation.
The Halloween documents , internal Microsoft memos which were leaked to the open source community beginning in , indicate that some Microsoft employees perceive “open source” software — in particular, Linux — as a growing long-term threat to Microsoft’s position in the software industry. Another concern of critics is that Microsoft may be using the distribution of shared source software to harvest names of developers who have been exposed to Microsoft code, as some believe that these developers could someday be the target of lawsuits if they were ever to participate in the development of competing products.
This issue is addressed in published papers from several organizations including the American Bar Association and the Open Source Initiative.
Starting in the s, Microsoft was accused of maintaining “hidden” or “secret” APIs: interfaces to its operating system software that it deliberately keeps undocumented to gain a competitive advantage in its application software products. On October 10, , Microsoft joined the Open Invention Network community despite holding more than 60, patents.
On July 6, , Microsoft announced that it was placing their ECMA and ECMA specifications under their Community Promise pledging that they would not assert their patents against anyone implementing, distributing, or using alternative implementations of. NET stack not submitted to the ECMA for standardization has been the source of patent violation concerns for much of the life of the project. The concerns primarily relate to technologies developed by Microsoft on top of the.
NET and Windows Forms see non-standardized namespaces , i. These technologies are today [ when? In June the Ubuntu Technical Board stated that it saw “no reason to exclude Mono or applications based upon it from the archive, or from the default installation set.
Fedora Project Leader Paul Frields has stated, “We do have some serious concerns about Mono and we’ll continue to look at it with our legal counsel to see what if any steps are needed on our part”, yet “We haven’t come to a legal conclusion that is pat enough for us to make the decision to take mono out”.
In November at an Ubuntu Developer Summit , developers voted to have the Mono-based Banshee media player removed from Ubuntu’s default installation beginning on Ubuntu Mono developer Joseph Michael Shields defended the performance of Banshee on ARM, and also the claims that Banshee was not well-maintained as being a “directed personal insult” to one of its major contributors.
Microsoft ignored unauthorized copying of its own software for their benefit on the long term. While talking about users in China who don’t pay for the software they use in , to an audience at the University of Washington, Bill Gates said “And as long as they’re going to steal it, we want them to steal ours. They’ll get sort of addicted, and then we’ll somehow figure out how to collect sometime in the next decade.
The practice allowed Microsoft to gain some dominance over the Chinese market and only then taking measures against unauthorized copies. In , by means of the Windows update mechanism, a verification program called ” Windows Genuine Advantage ” WGA was downloaded and installed.
This behavior angered users and generated complaints in China with a lawyer stating that “Microsoft uses its monopoly to bundle its updates with the validation programs and forces its users to verify the genuineness of their software”.
A common complaint [50] comes from those who want to purchase a computer that usually comes preinstalled with Windows without a copy of Windows pre-installed and without paying extra for the license either so that another operating system can be used or because a license was already acquired elsewhere, such as through the MSDN Academic Alliance program. While it is possible to obtain a computer with no or free operating systems, [56] virtually all large computer vendors continue to bundle Microsoft Windows with the majority of the personal computers in their ranges.
The claimed increase in the price of a computer resulting from the inclusion of a Windows license has been called the “Windows tax” or “Microsoft tax” by opposing computer users. In , all major OEMs agreed to this restriction. Microsoft does not provide refunds for Windows licenses sold through an OEM, including licenses that come with the purchase of a computer or are pre-installed on a computer.
According to Microsoft’s End User License Agreement for Windows 7 the ability to receive a refund for the operating system is determined by the hardware manufacturer: [61].
By using the software, you accept these terms. If you do not accept them, do not use the software. Instead, contact the manufacturer or installer to determine its return policy. You must comply with that policy, which might limit your rights or require you to return the entire system on which the software is installed. Acer Inc. Instead, contact the manufacturer or installer to determine their return policy for a refund or credit. Based on the updated language, vendors refused to issue partial refunds for Windows licenses, requiring that the computer be returned altogether.
In some countries, this practice has been ruled a violation of consumer protection law. Microsoft’s market dominance and business practices have attracted widespread resentment, which is not necessarily restricted to the company’s competitors. In a publication, Dan Geer argued the prevalence of Microsoft products has resulted in a monoculture which is dangerously easy for viruses to exploit. Microsoft has been criticized for the use of permatemp employees employees employed for years as “temporary,” and therefore without medical benefits , use of forced retention tactics, where departing employees would be sued to prevent departure, as well as more traditional cost-saving measures, ranging from cutting medical benefits to not providing towels in company locker rooms.
Historically, Microsoft has also been accused of overworking employees, in many cases, leading to burnout within just a few years of joining the company. The company is often referred to as a “Velvet Sweatshop”, a term which originated in a Seattle Times article, [71] and later became used to describe the company by some of Microsoft’s own employees.
For example, the kitchenettes have free beverages and many buildings include exercise rooms and showers. However, the company has been accused of attempting to keep employees at the company for unreasonably long hours and working them too much. A US state lawsuit was brought against Microsoft in representing 8, current and former employees that had been classified as “temporary” and “freelance”, and became known as Vizcaino v.
The Final Settlement [73] came in The case was decided on the IRS-defined basis that such “permatemps” had their jobs defined by Microsoft, worked alongside regular employees doing the same work, and worked for long terms. A side effect of the “permatemp” lawsuit is that now contract employees are prevented from participating in team morale events and other activities that could be construed as making them “employees”. They are also limited to month contracts and must leave after that time for 6 months before returning under contract.
Microsoft is the largest American corporate user of H-1B guest worker visas and has joined other large technology companies like Google in recently lobbying for looser H-1B visa restrictions. Jesse Jackson believes Microsoft should hire more minorities and women. Jackson has urged other companies to diversify their workforce. He believes that Microsoft made some progress when it appointed two women to its board of directors in During the antitrust case United States v.
Microsoft , ATL sent a poll to 19 state attorneys general purporting to show that “the public believes state AGs should devote their energy to causes other than Microsoft”. In June , the AdTI published a report, quickly pulled under the argument that it was a draft version, which contained criticism of the copyleft model and the GNU General Public License.
A May press release for the report stated that it would contain arguments suggesting that governments could be threatened by hackers and terrorists who could study potential vulnerabilities due to source availability if it used open source software.
However, the draft contained no references to these topics. The advert featured a newborn baby being launched out of its mother—aging as it flies through the air, and crashing into a gravestone. It contained the tagline “Life is short, play more. The comparison included the cost of hardware, and put Linux at a disadvantage by installing it on more expensive but poorer-performing hardware compared to that used for Windows. Microsoft spokesperson Catherine Brooker expressed the belief that the article had been “heavily written” by IBM employees who supported the rival OpenDocument format, though she provided no specific evidence.
Internet entrepreneur and Wikimedia Foundation founder Jimmy Wales described Microsoft’s offer as unethical. In , it was found that a photo on the Polish version of Microsoft’s business productivity website—which depicted three people of various races during an office meeting—had been edited to replace the head of an African-American man with that of a Caucasian , whilst also failing to edit the person’s hand to match the different skin color.
Microsoft apologized and quickly removed the image. In , Moneylife. Sapkale was accused of breaking his own site’s privacy policy by posting the IP and email addresses of the commenters, while the commenting duo’s failure to declare any interest looked, at best, like astroturfing. In details on a partnership between Machinima. This is due to the company being tax resident in Bermuda as mentioned in the accounts for ‘Microsoft Round Island One’, a subsidiary that collects licence fees from the use of Microsoft software worldwide.
Dame Margaret Hodge , a Labour MP in the UK said, “It is unsurprising — yet still shocking — that massively wealthy global corporations openly, unashamedly and blatantly refuse to pay tax on the profits they make in the countries where they undertake business”.
John C. Dvorak said that in the s, Microsoft classified journalists as “Okay”, “Sketchy”, or “Needs work” and targeted “Needs work” journalists in an attempt to have them terminated. Dvorak said that he was denied information about Windows because he was on a blacklist. Microsoft along with Google, Yahoo , Cisco , AOL , Skype , and other companies has cooperated with the Chinese government in implementing a system of Internet censorship. On June 4, , the 32nd anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre , searches for the Tank Man image and videos were censored by Microsoft Bing search engine worldwide.
Hours after Microsoft acknowledged the issue, the search returned only pictures of tanks elsewhere in the world. Search engines that license results from Microsoft such as DuckDuckGo and Yahoo faced similar issues. Microsoft said the issue was “due to an accidental human error.
The director of Human Rights Watch , Kenneth Roth , said he found the idea it was an inadvertent error “hard to believe”. David Greene, Civil Liberties Director at Electronic Frontier Foundation , said that content moderation was impossible to do perfectly and “egregious mistakes are made all the time”, but he further elaborated that “At worst, this was purposeful suppression at the request of a powerful state. Microsoft was the first company to participate in the PRISM surveillance program , according to leaked NSA documents obtained by The Guardian [] and The Washington Post [] in June , and acknowledged by government officials following the leak.
Microsoft has denied [] participation in such a program. In a statement, Microsoft said that they “provide customer data only in response to legal processes.